The development history of LED display screens has been over ten years. The commonly used LED displays nowadays are divided into direct insertion LED displays and surface mount LED displays according to industry standards. LED display screens are assembled by splicing LED modules one by one.

Both direct insertion and surface mount are spliced together to display the playback content. Structurally speaking, each LED module consists of four parts: the lamp surface, PCB circuit board, IC surface, and bottom cover.

So what is the difference between direct insertion LED display and surface mount LED display? The author compares from the following three aspects.

1、 Raw materials

Firstly, the difference between the light bulbs. The lamp beads used for direct insertion LED display screens are mainly irregular long circular lamp beads, with main models such as F3/F5/346. Their packaging technology is mature, waterproof performance is good, and the light-emitting surface is a fully luminous surface.

The surface mounted LED beads are mainly in the shape of cubes or rectangular prisms. The packaging process involves filling the chip into a metal bracket, then gluing and drying it. There are various types of specifications, such as 3535/3528/2835/727 (2525)/2121/1921/1515/1010, etc. The packaging process has matured, and the light-emitting surface is a single front emitting light.

The second difference is the PCB circuit board. The PCB circuit board used for surface mounted LED display screens is a solder pad surface, which is used to solder the lamp pins of surface mounted LED beads. The PCB circuit board used for direct insertion of LED modules has empty spaces at the relevant solder pad positions, allowing for the insertion and soldering of direct insertion LED chips.

The Jianniu power socket used in some direct insertion LED modules is different from the surface mount module in that it is also direct insertion type rather than surface mount type.

2、 Craftsmanship

In terms of production process, the production process of the direct insertion LED display module is as follows: printing IC solder paste on the PCB → attaching IC on the surface → reflow soldering for temperature rise soldering → inserting the direct insertion LED beads into the corresponding PCB holes → spraying tin → reflow soldering for temperature rise soldering of the lamp surface → welding the power source socket and Jianniu after welding processing → testing aging maintenance → spraying three proof paint and glue on the outdoor LED module (this step can be omitted for indoor LED modules) → putting on the bottom shell cover and locking screws → testing aging → packing and shipping.

The production process of surface mounted LED display module is as follows: printing IC surface solder paste on PCB → surface mounted IC (including Jianniu and power socket) → reflow soldering for temperature rise soldering → printing lamp surface solder paste on PCB → surface mounted LED beads → reflow soldering for temperature rise soldering of lamp surface → testing and aging maintenance → outdoor LED module is sprayed with three proof paint and glued (this step can be omitted for indoor LED module) → installing bottom shell cover lock screws → testing aging → packing and shipping.

From a technological perspective, the production process of surface mounted LED display module is more simplified.

3、 Application

Due to the inherent limitations of its structure, direct insertion LED chips are mainly used in P10, P16, P20 and other spacing applications, with smaller spacing options such as P8 and limit spacing up to P6. Due to its excellent waterproof performance, it is mainly used in outdoor products.

And surface mounted LED beads have various types due to their structural rules and adjustable metal brackets. Surface mounted LED modules range from outdoor P13.33/P10/P8/P6/P5/P4/P3/P2.5 to indoor P10/P7.62/P6/P5/P4.75/P4/P2.5/P2.875/P1.667/P1.56/P1.25/P1.0, with a wide range of spacing applications.

4、 Performance

Firstly, there is a comparison of brightness. For products with the same spacing, such as the direct insertion P10 outdoor full-color LED display and the surface mount P10 outdoor full-color LED display, the brightness of the direct insertion is generally higher than that of the surface mount.

Next is the comparison of appearance. As mentioned earlier, direct insertion LED beads are long and round shaped beads. The surface of the display screen is already uneven, and its light emission is multi-faceted. Therefore, in appearance, the surface of direct insertion LED display screens is not as smooth and flat as surface mount LED display screens. The lighting effect, when viewed up close, is not as smooth and soft as the display effect of the surface mount when directly inserted.

Comparison of service life. Direct insertion LED chips are generally larger than surface mount LED chips, and the sealing of the package is more complete and unified compared to surface mount LED chips (direct insertion LED chips have a unified curved surface, while surface mount LED chips have six faces in a cube). In terms of practical performance, direct insertion LED display screens have higher brightness and longer service life than surface mount LED display screens. Of course, for applications with the same spacing, direct insertion LED displays are much more expensive than surface mount LED displays. On the contrary, the application of surface mounted LED displays is becoming increasingly widespread, with a growing market share, which is also related to the increasing demand for spacing and the continuous decline in prices.

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